Active Facets Research Articles

Analysis of University Students' Perspectives on Physical Activity and Mandatory Physical Education

The decline in physical activity levels during the transition from high school to college is evident, despite the known impact of youth and adolescent physical activity on later life. Observable trends reveal a decline in enthusiasm for sports activities and a notable decrease in motivation for engaging in physical activity. The college environment plays a pivotal role in shaping students' engagement with physical activity, presenting an opportunity to significantly enhance their quality of life. This study's primary objective is to analyse university students' attitudes toward physical activity and assess their satisfaction with compulsory physical education at Masaryk University, comparing results spanning nearly two decades. In adherence to contemporary research methodologies, a questionnaire survey combining standard quantitative and qualitative analysis procedures was conducted. The survey questions focused on examining various facets of physical activity, including volume, intensity, sports preferences, and attitudes toward mandatory physical education at Masaryk University in Brno. A total of 1,293 respondents (422 men and 871 women) with an average age of 20.7 years participated in the study. The findings underscore a notable inclination among almost 73% of students to welcome an extension of compulsory physical education to 2 or more semesters (currently set at 2 semesters at MU). Moreover, over 75% of students express contentment with the spectrum of mandatory sports activities offered in physical education. The study reveals a growing interest among students in individual physical activities and a burgeoning enthusiasm for unorganized sports. These outcomes furnish valuable insights into students' perceptions regarding the organization of physical and sports education activities within university settings.

Structure-led manifestation of photocatalytic activity in magnetically recoverable spinel CuFe2O4nanoparticles and its application in degradation of industrial effluent dyes under solar light.

An efficient removal of the photocatalysts used in the decontamination of water is crucial after its application beside its expected visible light sensitive activities. This study presents the synthesis of magnetically separable CuFe2O4nanoparticles (CFNPs) with enhanced photoactivity under AM 1.5G sunlight. A simple two-step process involving co-precipitation and hydrothermal treatment is employed, with subsequent annealing at temperatures from 200 °C to 1000 °C to synthesize the CFNPs. The characteristic features of the highest photoactive tetragonal phase of CFNP are confirmed by powder XRD studies with Rietveld refinement. This scheme strategically controls the growth of a highly photoactive tetragonal phase with predominant (224) facets over other less active facets in cubic CuFe2O4. Mott-Schottky analysis confirms the p-type semiconducting nature of CFNPs. A favourable direct optical band gap of 1.73 eV as well as photoluminescence emission quenching for visible photons show that the (224) oriented CFNPs are good photocatalysts in the visible spectrum with demonstrated organic dye degradations, including methylene blue and others. A density functional theory-based approach validates that the adsorption of such dye is thermodynamically more favourable on (224) facets of CuFe2O4to facilitate the redox action by the excitons.

RESEARCH ON TOURIST SATISFACTION AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTION IN ECOLOGICAL HEALTH TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN BAMA, GUANGXI BASED ON STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL

This study endeavors to delve into the intricacies of tourist contentment and proclivities in the realm of ecological health tourism activities within Bama, Guangxi. An exploration of the intricate structural relationships is undertaken, unraveling the quintet of variables encompassing tourists' engagement in Bama's ecological health tourism - namely, the effects of activities, the experiential facet of activities, the pecuniary dimension of activities, coupled with tourist satisfaction and behavioral intent. Employing the methodological framework of constructing a structural equation model, this study leverages IBM SPSS 23.0 software to execute correlation analyses across various variables, including demographic information statistics, reliability and validity metrics. Survey research orbits around the quintet of variables. The findings illuminate that the experiential tapestry woven by tourists partaking in ecological health tourism activities exerts a conspicuously affirmative influence on both their satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Conversely, the financial investment made by tourists in ecologi cal health tourism activities manifests a counteractive impact on their satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Evidently, heightened tourist activity experiences and diminished costs conduce to the facilitation of tourists' aspirations for individualistic tourism activities, thereby enhancing travel satisfaction and behavioral intent. Nevertheless, the potency of tourists' activity effe cts on tourist satisfaction remains suboptimal. Consequently, it is proffered that the propagation of health care paradigms be fortified, coupled with the augmentation of activity experience design. Further, the optimization of cost structures and the enhancement of resource utilization efficiency are recommended, alongside ameliorating activity effects and steering behavioral intent. This comprehensive approach is anticipated to immerse tourists more profoundly into the local ethos of longevity culture, thereby fostering the robust and sustainable evolution of longevity tourism in Bama.

Bismuth-doping boosting Na+ diffusion kinetics of layered oxide cathode with radially oriented {010} active lattice facet for sodium-ion batteries.

O3-type layered oxide cathodes (NaxTMO2) for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted significant attention as one of the most promising potential candidates for practical energy storage applications. The poor Na+ diffusion kinetics is, however, one of the major obstacles to advancing large-scale practical application. Herein, we report bismuth-doped O3-NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 (NMB) microspheres consisting of unique primary nanoplatelets with the radially oriented {010} active lattice facets. The NMB combines the advantages of the oriented and exposed electrochemical active planes for direct paths of Na+ diffusion, and the thick primary nanoplatelets for less surface parasitic reactions with the electrolyte. Consequently, the NMB cathode exhibits a long-term stability with an excellent capacity retention of 72.5% at 1C after 300 cycles and an enhanced rate capability at a 0.1C to 10C rate (1C = 240 mA g-1). Furthermore, the enhancement is elucidated by the small volume change, thin cathode-electrolyte-interphase (CEI) layer, and rapid Na+ diffusion kinetics. In particular, the radial orientation-based Bi-doping strategy is demonstrated to be effective at boosting electrochemical performance in other layered oxides (such as Bi-doped NaNi0.45Mn0.45Ti0.1O2 and NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2). The results provide a promising strategy of utilizing the advantages of the oriented active facets of primary platelets and secondary particles to develop high-rate layered oxide cathodes for SIBs.

Enhanced piezo-catalytic performance of BaTiO3 nanorods combining highly exposed active crystalline facets and superior deformation capability: Water purification and activation mechanism

Using piezoelectric materials for advanced oxidation is a green and viable means of water purification and environmental restoration. However, unmodified piezoelectric catalysts exhibited unsatisfactory catalytic performance, which had become a bottleneck for the practical application of piezoelectric catalysis. In this work, piezoelectric responsiveness and exposed active crystal surface area were rationally coordinated by synthesizing one-dimensional BaTiO3 nanorods (BTO NRs). Enhanced piezo-responsivity enables faster free charge carriers transfer, while the highly exposed area of the (001) facets provides more active sites for piezo-catalytic reactions. Consequently, BTO NRs degraded RHB (Rhodamine B) and TC (Tetracycline) with first-order rate constants of 0.018 min−1 and 0.012 min−1, respectively, 5 times higher than BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The specific active sites on the (001) crystal plane were further investigated through a combination of DFT calculations, free radical trapping experiments, and XPS analysis. Ti4+ adsorbs and activates water molecules to generate Ti3+ and •OH, in the catalytic reaction. Afterward, Ti3+ is oxidized to Ti4+ by piezo-holes (holes driven by piezoelectric potential), while •OH is desorbed and involved in the degradation of pollutants. This research not only provides an approach to modify piezoelectric catalysts with high catalytic activity but also presents new insights into the mechanism of piezoelectric catalysis from the viewpoint of the atom level.

Bi site doped Ferroelectric BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

AbstractThe investigation delves into the functionality exhibited by ferroelectric BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 (BFM) nanoparticles (NPs) concerning the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrocatalytic activity of BFM NPs undergoes a transformative shift as a consequence of mono‐, di‐, and tri‐valent cation substitution. Notably, the strategic engineering of doping at the Bi site within BFM NPs yields a remarkable outcome, namely the conspicuous reduction of the kinetic overpotential prerequisite for HER. This diminished overpotential in doped BFM NPs arises from the confluence of multifarious factors: diminished charge transfer resistance, augmented specific surface area, a discernible distribution of pore sizes ranging from narrow to broad, particles endowed with a shape boasting abundant active facets, and the integration of dopants as novel active sites on the surface. Furthermore, the presence of surface defects, oxygen vacancies, and amplified microstrain within doped BFM NPs contributes to the reduction in overpotential.

N-Acetylcysteine, N-Acetylcysteine Amide, and Thioredoxin Mimetic Peptides Regenerate Mercaptoalbumin and Exhibit Antioxidant Activity.

Albumin (HSA) is the most abundant circulating protein and plays a pivotal role in maintaining the redox state of the plasma. Three HSA proteoforms have been identified based on the redox state of cysteine 34. These proteoforms comprise of the reduced state (HSA-SH) referred to as mercaptoalbumin, non-mercaptoalbumin-1, containing a disulfide with small thiols such as cysteine (HSA-Cys), and non-mercaptoalbumin-2, representing the higher oxidized proteoform. Several clinical studies have shown a relationship between an individual's serum HSA redox status and the severity of diseases such as heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and liver disease. Furthermore, when HSA undergoes oxidation, it can worsen certain health conditions and contribute to their advancement. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the redox compounds AD4/NACA and the thioredoxin mimetic (TXM) peptides TXM-CB3, TXM-CB13, and TXM-CB30 to regenerate HSA-SH and to enhance its redox activity. The HSA proteoforms were quantified by LC-MS, and the antioxidant activity was determined using dichlorofluorescin. Each of the compounds exhibited a significant increase in HSA-SH and a reduction in HSA-Cys levels. The increase in HSA-SH was associated with a recovery of its antioxidant activity. In this work, we unveil a novel mechanistic facet of the antioxidant activity of AD4/NACA and TXM peptides. These results suggest an additional therapeutic approach for addressing oxidative stress-related conditions.

The Role of ChatGPT in Exploring Science and Its Applications: A Case Study at the “Citizen” Program

From the citizen science perspective, this study investigates the multidimensional function that ChatGPT, an innovative language model developed by OpenAI, plays in the field. Using its capacity to generate text that is incredibly similar to that produced by humans, ChatGPT shows a great deal of promise in enabling and improving a variety of facets of collaborative scientific activities. While the paper does an excellent job of showing the potential uses, it also discusses the limitations and difficulties of implementing ChatGPT into citizen science programs.

Confining the reactions on active facet enhances the simultaneous removal of NOx and toluene by copper-titanium catalysts

Exposure of the low adsorption energy barrier facet facilitates the interaction between the catalyst support and the active species, and morphology modification was considered to be a feasible strategy to regulate the exposure of specific facet. The TiO2 support with hollow spherical shell structure (h-TiO2) was prepared using hard template method, and CuO was loaded on the inside and outside of h-TiO2 to obtain catalysts with different loading positions (Cu@h-TiO2, Cu/h-TiO2). For the efficient catalyst Cu@h-TiO2, NO conversion was above 95 % and N2 selectivity exceeded 90 % in the range of 250–275 ℃. In this catalyst, CuO was loaded on the internal low adsorption energy barrier facet of anatase TiO2 (200). In comparison to Cu/h-TiO2, and Cu@h-TiO2 exhibited more acidic site, stronger redox ability and reduced the temperature of toluene oxidation to match the temperature for NH3-SCR. Based on DFT studies, the adsorption energies of three adsorbates: toluene, NH3, and H2O on two types of anatase TiO2 crystal facets (200) and (101) were calculated, respectively. The results revealed that the adsorbates had a lower energy barrier on the (200) facet, which indicated a higher activation efficiency for the three adsorbates on this facet.

Piezoelectric Effect Promoted Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Ability of ZnIn2S4 Photoanode with Highly Exposed Active (110) Facets

AbstractIt is important to design high performance photoelectrode materials in the process of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Herein, ZnIn2S4 nanomaterial with highly exposed active (110) facets were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. Meanwhile, piezoelectric polarization was used to induce the generation of built‐in electric field, which can suppress the compounding of photogenerated charge carriers caused by structural defects at the semiconductor surface. By controlling the crystal facet structure, ZnIn2S4 with a highly exposed active (110) facet shows a better photoelectrochemical water splitting performance under ultrasound, and its photocurrent density increases with the increase of ultrasound frequency, reaching a maximum value of 0.36 mA/cm2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is 2.8 times higher than that without ultrasound. It can be concluded that the (110) facet of ZnIn2S4 can induce a larger internal piezoelectric potential which allows rapid electron transer at the ZnIn2S4 surface, under ultrasonic conditions. And the highly exposed (110) facet also provides more reactive sites, leading to further enhanced catalytic activity. Such nanomaterial with highly exposed active facets will provide inspiration for the construction of photoelectrode systems with high photoelectrochemical water splitting efficiency.

Garret Ranking of Constraints Perceived by Silkworm Rearers in Sericulture Enterprise

The current investigation primarily delves into the challenges faced by sericulture growers in mulberry and cocoon production. Sericulture, a highly competitive and capital-intensive enterprise, is prevalent across rural and semi-urban areas in India. This industry not only contributes to household income but also generates employment opportunities for entire families, with women actively participating in various facets of sericulture activities. A multistage sampling design was employed to select districts, tehsils, villages, and sericulture growers for the study. Specifically, Beed, Parbhani, and Jalna districts were purposively chosen in the Marathwada region due to their significant sericulture production. Two tehsils from each district and four villages from each tehsil were then selected, resulting in a total of 24 villages with 240 sample respondents. The study utilized Garret's ranking technique to assess the constraints affecting the adoption of sericulture production. The study identified four key types of constraints in the examined area: economic, technical, marketing, and supply constraints. According to Garret's ranking, the primary economic constraint was the high cost of inputs, including FYM, planting material, and chemical fertilizers. In the realm of technical constraints, a lack of information about Uzi fly control emerged as the major hurdle. Marketing constraints were predominantly characterized by fluctuations in cocoon prices, ranking highest in prominence. Additionally, insufficient FYM availability was highlighted as a significant supply constraint.

Atomistic Modeling of Spinel Oxide Particle Shapes and Reshaping under OER Conditions

The surface configurations of the low-index facets of a set of spinel oxides are investigated using DFT+U calculations to derive surface energies and predict equilibrium nanoparticle shapes via the Wulff construction. Two very different conditions are investigated, corresponding to application either in heterogeneous catalysis or in electrocatalysis. First, the bare stoichiometric surfaces of NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4, NiCo2O4, and ZnCo2O4 spinels are studied to model their use as high-temperature oxidation catalysts. Second, focusing attention on the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and on the CoFe2O4 inverse spinel as the most promising OER catalyst, we generate surface configurations by adsorbing OER intermediates and, in an innovative study, we recalculate surface energies taking into account adsorption and environmental conditions, i.e., applied electrode potential and O2 pressure. We predict that under OER operating conditions, (111) facets are dominant in CoFe2O4 nanoparticle shapes, in fair agreement with microscopy measurements. Importantly, in the OER case, we predict a strong dependence of nanoparticle shape upon O2 pressure. Increasing O2 pressure increases the size of the higher-index (111) and (110) facets at the expense of the (001) more catalytically active facet, whereas the opposite occurs at low O2 pressure. These predictions should be experimentally verifiable and help define the optimal OER operative conditions.

Exposing the (002) active facet by reducing surface energy for a high-performance Na3V2(PO4)2F3 cathode

Carbon additives regulate Na3V2(PO4)2F3 crystal growth, achieving 82% exposure of the (002) active facet. The exposed (002) facet offers stable Na+-storage sites, lower diffusion barriers, and enhanced kinetics/stability.

Green marketing strategies in india

Environmental issues are escalating in severity with the rapid progression of globalization. Despite the pervasive impact of environmental challenges on all facets of human activities, only a few academic disciplines have integrated green themes into their literature. The pressing need for a holistic approach to address environmental concerns has spurred businesses to reassess and modify their behaviors. This shift is a response to the evolving societal consciousness regarding environmental issues. The proliferation of green marketing strategies is a direct consequence of the changing dynamics within the consumer market. As businesses strategically align themselves with the environmental concerns of consumers, there is a noticeable increase in the frequency with which they target environmentally conscious consumers. Green marketing, as a multifaceted approach, involves the creation and promotion of goods and services that not only cater to consumer demands for reliability, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and convenience but also ensure a minimal negative impact on the environment. This paradigm shift reflects a broader trend wherein businesses are adapting to consumer preferences and values related to sustainability and environmental responsibility. In this evolving landscape, the intertwining of business strategies with environmental consciousness underscores the crucial role of green marketing in shaping the future trajectory of commerce.

EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP: Building a Positive Academic Culture

In the organizational context, leadership assumes a pivotal role as a foundational element in executing functions and wielding authority. Occupying positions of prominence and wielding significant authority, leaders possess the capacity to effectively oversee and guide the organization. The leader's strategic positioning is indispensable, rendering them a key ally in advancing the collective interests of the organization's various echelons, ranging from the grassroots to the uppermost tiers, with a steadfast commitment to objective-oriented pursuits. This research endeavors to scrutinize the responses, perceptions, and evaluations of lecturers regarding the leadership exhibited by heads of study programs, thereby furnishing a comprehensive and contextual comprehension of the intricacies of leadership dynamics. The study was conducted at Pamulang University, focusing on the Undergraduate Management study program within the Faculty of Economics and Business. Primary respondents comprised level one lecturers who concurrently served as developers of the study program. Employing a simple random sampling technique facilitated by the distribution of direct questionnaires, the research data underwent analysis through qualitative descriptive methods. Findings from the research reveal that the leadership style demonstrated by the head of the Undergraduate Management study program at the Faculty of Economics and Business embodies democratic characteristics. This is evidenced by the active involvement of developer lecturers in all facets of the tri dharma activities and the decision-making processes inherent to the study program.

Hollow anatase TiO2 tetrakaidecahedral crystals with an active {001}/{110} redox interface toward high-performance photocatalytic activity.

The existence of the oxidation/reduction interface can promote the performance of a photocatalyst, due to its effect on the separation of photogenerated carriers and the surface reactivity. However, it is difficult to construct two sets of oxidation/reduction interfaces in a single crystal and compare their separation efficiency for photogenerated carriers. Introducing a high proportion of active facets into the co-exposed facets is even more challenging. Herein, a hollow anatase TiO2 tetrakaidecahedron (HTT) with two sets of oxidation/reduction interfaces ({001}/{101} and {001}/{110}) is synthesized by directional chemical etching. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that the {001}/{110} interface is a dominant oxidation/reduction interface, showing a better promotion on the separation of photogenerated carriers than the {001}/{101} interface. In the HTT, the ratio of dominant {001}/(110) is increased and the proportion of the active {110} facet is about 40% (generally about 15%). Therefore, the HTT shows excellent catalytic activity for photocatalytic reductive (hydrogen production) and oxidative (selective oxidation of sulfides) reactions. The HTT also demonstrates favorable photocatalytic activity for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction, where both photogenerated electrons and photogenerated holes are involved, further verifying its high separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers and surface reactivity. This work provides an important guideline for developing advanced structures with a predetermined interface toward desired applications.

(1‐10) Facet‐Dominated TiB2 Nanosheets with High Exposure of Dual‐Atom‐Sites for Enhanced Polysulfide Conversion in Li‐S Batteries

AbstractElaborate modulation of the highly active crystal facet emerges as an efficient strategy for enhancing the nanocrystalline catalytic activity. Herein, ultrathin TiB2 nanosheets with preferentially exposed (1‐10) facets are developed as highly efficient catalyst with enriched bonding and electrocatalytic sites in Li‐S batteries. Attributed to the highly equivalent exposure of Ti and B active sites on the (1‐10) surface, the (1‐10) facet‐dominated TiB2 nanosheets maximize the binding effect via Ti and B dual‐atom‐sites adsorption through Ti─S and B─S bonds. More importantly, experiments and theoretical calculations confirm the superb catalytic activity of (1‐10)TiB2 in facilitating the polysulfide conversion and Li2S decomposition, thereby markedly suppressing the shuttling effect and improving the redox kinetics. Consequently, excellent electrochemical properties are achieved in Li‐S batteries, which demonstrate a high discharge capacity of 1469 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and maintain high capacity reversibility at 1 C with a low capacity decay rate of 0.048% over 500 cycles. Even under a sulfur loading of 5 mg cm−2, a prominent areal capacity of 4.86 mAh cm−2 is still attained. It is proposed that the crystal surface engineering provides a new path for the structure optimization of sulfur catalysts in Li‐S batteries.

A Revolutionary Approach to Study the Hydrogen Electrode Formation on Different Noble Metals Exposed to Monolayer to Sub-Monolayers Range of Water Using Scanning Kelvin Probe

The inadequacy of modern surface analytical tools to probe the electrochemical double layer (EDL) which governs the catalytic reactions at the interface hampers its in-depth investigation. The reason for this is that the EDL is usually buried under the bulk electrolyte. Though great progress was made in computational modeling the EDL [1,2], at the experimental level similar progress is necessary. One approach is to study the EDL of electrodes covered by electrolyte of nano-scale thickness. Till date, such studies of electrodes covered by electrolyte in the monolayer to sub-monolayer range are scarce, although they were at the center of the birth of electrochemical surface science [3]. Recently the “hydrogen electrode in the dry” concept which was established on palladium surface under dry nitrogen conditions could be a novel approach to understand that facet of the electrode interface activities [4]. The amount of water in this case is confined to just 1-2 monolayers to adsorbed water or even below. Similarly, this approach was successful applied for studying the current-potential relationships for oxygen reduction reaction exposed to different amounts of water ranging from micro meter to monolayers of thickness [5]. In this study, this concept was explored to other noble metal systems such as Pd, Au, Pt, and Ir to understand the hydrogen electrode formation.The present study focuses on hydrogen electrode formation on palladium, iridium, gold, and platinum exposed to inert conditions carried out by scanning Kelvin probe method (see fig) at different hydrogen activities. The activities of hydrogen on the surface was defined by electrochemically (entry side from a=0 to a=0.2) cathodic hydrogen charging method. Firstly, the hydrogen activity of 0.2 was defined on the palladium side by increasing the cathodic potential stepwise by potentiostatic hydrogen charging and measuring the corresponding potential on the exit side by Kelvin probe. This potential on palladium in both wet (>95% rh) and dry (<0.1% rh) conditions follows a 1:1 correlation with the applied entry potential, in accordance with the Nernst equation. Iridium samples show 1:1 in humid conditions, but not in dry conditions, i.e. in presence of a much thinner layer of adsorbed water molecules. At intermediate partial pressures of water, a linear response with slope lower than 1 was observed, that increased with increasing humidity. Whereas, gold samples show no correlation in both wet and dry conditions. Additionally, hydrogen electrode formation on emersed surface was checked to understand the effect of an already existing EDL on the formation of the hydrogen electrode. Also, ellipsometry spectroscopy measurements were carried out to determine the water layer thickness at different partial pressures of water. Overall, the current experimental approach of measuring the potential of these different “dry” electrodes gives more insights about hydrogen electrode formation on noble metals at different hydrogen activities, effect of adsorbed anions, and the effect of different amounts of adsorbed water.

Unraveling the Crystal Facet and Support Effects on the Oxygen Evolution Activity of Cobalt Oxide Using Single Nanoparticle Electrocatalysis

Transition metal oxide catalysts have recently gained special interest in alkaline water electrolysis due to their relatively high abundancy and high catalytic activity. However, their catalytic performance has typically been evaluated based on measurements at composite electrodes, that is by immobilizing a large number of these nanoparticles together with inactive binders and additives on a current collector/support and measuring only their integral activity. In such studies, it is challenging to deconvolute the catalyst intrinsic properties from matrix effects. For example, the measured catalytic trends can be influenced by blocking of catalyst active sites by the additives or by non-optimal iR compensation or by different porosity within the composite, impeding a direct comparison of nanocatalysts.[1] Alternatively, single-particle electrocatalysis by the “nano impact” approach has been applied to assess the intrinsic activity of nanoparticles (NPs) at the individual particle level.[2] Exploiting this method, we demonstrate how the catalyst’s crystal facet/shape influences the OER activity by comparing the activity of cubes and spheres of Co3O4.[3] In contrast to the tentative differences in OER activity recorded on ensembles, the single particle studies unambiguously reveal that Co3O4 cubes are more active than spheres when both NPs have otherwise identical parameters. We also can link our experimental data to theory data obtained from DTU+U calculations. Furthermore, we investigate catalyst-support effects and show the higher activity of Pt support than carbon.[4]. This approach enables the identification of highly active facets to guide shape-selective syntheses of improved metal oxide nanocatalysts for water oxidation.

PERSONALITY AND PLASMA BIOMARKERS OF REACTIVE ASTROGLIOSIS (GFAP) AND NEURONAL INJURY (NFL)

Abstract Personality traits are associated with cognitive functioning and risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. To understand the biological mechanisms of these associations, it is essential to examine the amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) components of the ATN framework. A recent meta-analysis found that neuroticism and conscientiousness are associated with amyloid and tau. However, less is known on whether personality traits are associated with markers of neurodegeneration. This study examines whether personality traits are concurrently related to plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of reactive astrogliosis, and neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neuronal injury. Cognitively unimpaired participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (N=786; age: 22-95) were assayed for plasma GFAP and NfL and completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), which measures five domains and 30 facets of personality. Neuroticism (particularly vulnerability to stress, anxiety, and depression facets) was associated with higher GFAP and NfL. Conscientiousness was associated with lower GFAP. Extraversion (particularly positive emotions, assertiveness, and activity facets) was related to lower GFAP and NfL. These associations were independent of demographic, behavioral, and health covariates and not moderated by age, sex, or APOE genotype. The personality correlates of astrogliosis and neuronal injury tend to be similar, are found in individuals without cognitive impairment, and point to potential neurobiological underpinnings of the association between personality traits and neurodegenerative diseases.